Seems like they’re unsure about this being causation or just correlation.
From the article: “Type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure are risk factors for NAION. It’s possible that patients with more severe diabetes or high blood pressure were more likely to be prescribed semaglutide, as it’s a highly effective drug, and that may have played into the higher rates of NAION in those cohorts.”
They have to say that because of the study design
Yes, because the study design does not prove causation.
Of course it doesn’t. But there is a point where you have to apply logic to the “correlation isn’t causation” rule. Does violence cause the weather to be warm? Is it just a random correlation? No, neither of those statements are true. Now prove it to me with a study that has an experimental design where you can manipulate weather as a variable.